Lysosome

Lysosome: a cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down specific materials in the cell ======================================================================================  Children: Christmas gifts   Lysosome: food particles ======================================================================================  In 1949, Christian de Duve discovered the lysosome. The lysosome was first observed using the electron microscope. The word lysosome originates from the Greek words lysis which means dissolution or destruction and soma which means body. ======================================================================================

======================================================================================  Lysosomes help digest wastes and break down other things such as food particles and engulfed bacteria and viruses. The lysosome has an outer membrane that allows for its rounded shape.Lysosomes also contain many enzymes. The structure of the lysosome is essential because the outer membrane helps filter things into the organelle while the enzymes lower the activation energy needed to break things down. ======================================================================================

======================================================================================  Lysosomes appear in both animal and plant cells, but are much more common in animal cells. Lysosomes do this because both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic and they both need to break down the molecules that enter the cell. Plant and animal cells both need lysosomes to keep functioning. ======================================================================================



======================================================================================  Secretory cells usually require more significant amounts of lysosomes. Secretory cells are used to help separate, elaborate, and release a substance which is what lysosomes do. Liver cells would use lysosomes, and they are an organ in the body that would need more of them because the liver breaks down bile and other bacteria. ======================================================================================  The lysosome works together with the Golgi apparatus in the way that the Golgi makes the lysosomes. The Golgi receives protein enzymes from the endoplasmic reticulum then package them up, processes them and are pinched off as a lysosome. ======================================================================================  Sources: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142317 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2107048/pdf/319.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9953/ https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/lysosomes/lysosomes.html ======================================================================================