Turner+syndrome


 * =Turner's syndrome= ||



Symptoms: At childhood ,teens and adulthood
 * 1)Who first discovered this disorder? Where, whenand under what circumstances was it discovered? || * Turner syndrome was discovered in 1938 by Dr. Henry Turner
 * He was studying a group of girls who had the same unusual developmental and physical features || [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/vzO5E8ImR5vKWWRQQDG43VHrRzmg3-wc4m9zsPB3ErcPNZlSWd-Yx5smaOhZQU8pU0QkWdGdXTBpFy0Ra0y7naTT9mJvC59mYyoyF7lfWGRPW_Em3OzAg31hbcKyZpYeSBbVC0Rh width="194" height="261"]] ||
 * 2)What are the symptoms/characteristics associated with this disorder? At what age do the symptoms begin? Are the symptoms treatable? If so, how? Is the disorder fatal? || Symptoms: At birth or during infancy
 * low-set ears
 * neck hair that extends down toward the shoulders
 * excess skin on the neck
 * droopy eyes
 * scoliosis
 * fingernails and toenails that turn slightly upward
 * flat feet
 * increased angulation at the elbow
 * Failure to begin sexual changes expected during puberty
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">For most women with Turner syndrome, inability to conceive a child without fertility treatment
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Slowed growth
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Early end to menstrual cycles not due to pregnancy

<span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Normally starts around age 5 <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">This condition is not fatal

<span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Is treatable Treatment:
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Growth hormone
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Estrogen therapy || <span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/oBZWqVQGaLKc7kNfpeH6m87dcEUy1FiwMqM6FGoPAmADyiqA09Wg-9nGvGIEqFMBiaMEccu2bw5ks1YH3PARp3OgZi2sbMvlJNRgK2sszH29oMLllrYf_00Jh4lHMpughqLUHkcE width="197" height="197"]][[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/6lHMEgqOGfq9rt4QbYjhNOQgv6gIBT54np28clI7AUJa_cCZXYzT0WJkl3f-WOZv3zOBsTIFGeANRtotALrQYjtZ7Kn6HI1dn0priZ2L2GeYneCPwQ6-Yv6AlXQ44E2fzohRqjiF width="193" height="146"]] ||
 * <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">3)What is the inheritance pattern of the disorder: dominant, recessive, sex-linked, autosomal, other? || * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Turner’s Syndrome is neither dominant or recessive
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Turner’s Syndrome is sex-linked
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Runs through the second X- chromosome || <span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/7cl0cX2xpTGDECbZUb9oywDM25RJbZ9JfixkiRSlMv4bHEAXqTOsqCUe9Tngh5XWtRZgUO4m9VTWVqd1csFoVhmhBvHyVuxjTLO6I9TcugdQAp9ipSNQiqsrHhH32ntIUCD71cmu width="195" height="248"]] ||
 * <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">4)Are there any environmental factors that can affect the symptoms (either aggravate or alleviate)? || <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">No there are no environmental factors that affect the symptoms ||  ||
 * <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">5)How common is the disorder? Does it occur more frequently in certain parts of the world or in certain ethnic groups or in one sex? || * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">This disorder happens in only females
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Affects 1 in 2,500 girls
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">99% of those girls have miscarriages
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">15% of those girls have miscarriages because of Turner's Syndrome ||  ||
 * <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">6)What tests are done to confirm a diagnosis of this disorder? || * Scientists have done a karyotype test to confirm the diagnosis
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">A karyotype is a blood test that produces an image of your chromosomes. || <span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/BnRrgLUg36VG8dBboEiSa7mLV7v4xlBBPTwnYMp5skOhpBJ64TXriHIhXt6f1yR9HB40dWe12hBTD13MQPf4zcRxpRNStqKq6R_ybd4pUX33Cs4I7jNYD8lpas-8WQqRcZz_9Vi4 width="198" height="149"]] ||
 * <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">7)Which chromosome(s) is responsible for this disorder? Is it caused by a gene mutation? Which gene is involved? Is it caused by a chromosomal mutation? Which type: nondisjunction, deletion, inversion, etc.? || * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">The disorder is characterized by partial or complete loss (monosomy) of one of the X chromosomes.
 * <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Turner’s Syndrome is nondisjunction || <span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/aademcOoP6WOquQUgLapgbu-vpF_VprfCECsW89hEtUYgPjAkn85VfBqlRdProTo5IlSAuiV8IAh5Jj5SbrngLH-AcRg-C8_Ad8qwSKN0xaduhO4WSb2jlk_9MAL3XqiJh0XbYfc width="194" height="195"]] ||

<span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Sources: <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline;">https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/turner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360782